2007.bib

@inbook{MARAU_DAES_2007,
  author = {Marau, R. and Silva, V. and Ferreira, J. and Almeida, L. and Pedreiras, P. and Martins, E. and Fonseca, J. A.},
  title = {Distributed Automotive Embedded Systems},
  chapter = {Assessment of FTT-CAN master replication mechanisms for safety-critical applications},
  pages = {},
  publisher = {SAE International},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {},
  series = {},
  type = {},
  address = {},
  edition = {},
  month = {November},
  doi = {},
  issn = {},
  isbn = {978-0-7680-1966-7},
  keywords = {FTT, FTT-CAN, CAN, Real-Time communications, protocols, Embedded systems},
  note = {},
  key = {},
  abstract = {The operational flexibility of distributed embedded systems is receiving growing attention because it is required to support on-line adaptation to varying operational conditions, either due to changes in the environment or to faults in the system. However, flexibility makes dependability more difficult to achieve, because there is less a priori knowledge. One protocol that favors flexibility and is widely used in embedded systems, particularly in automotive and robotic systems, is CAN, but some claim that it is not adequate to support safety-critical applications. We argue that CAN, deployed with an adequate overlay protocol, can provide the required support for dependability and flexibility. One such overlying protocol is Flexible Time-Triggered CAN (FTTCAN), that enforces a global notion of time and a global periodic schedule by means of specific messages issued by a master node. In this paper we assess the FTT-CAN master replication mechanisms implemented in a distributed robot control system. Above all, we provide experimental results that show the robustness of such mechanisms}
}

@inproceedings{MARAU_RTAS_2007,
  author = {Marau, R. and Almeida, L. and Pedreiras, P. and Harbour, M. and Sangorrin, D. and Medina, J.L.},
  title = {Integration of a flexible network in a resource contracting framework},
  booktitle = {13th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Applications Symposium (RTAS'2007) WiP Session Proceedings},
  year = {2007},
  editor = {},
  volume = {},
  series = {},
  pages = {},
  address = {Bellevue, USA},
  month = {April},
  organization = {},
  publisher = {},
  doi = {},
  issn = {},
  isbn = {},
  keywords = {Ethernet, FTT, FTT-SE, FRESCOR, protocols},
  note = {},
  key = {},
  abstract = {In this paper we overview the integration of a framework that generically manages the system resources in the form of contracts, namely the FRESCOR framework, with a ?exible network resource. We describe how a network resource, namely FTT-SE, supports the FRESCOR framework services and, likewise, how the network services are made available to the application through the contracting framework.}
}

@inproceedings{MARAU_ETFA_2007,
  author = {Marau, R. and Almeida, L. and Pedreiras, P. and Harbour, M. and Sangorrin, D. and Medina, J.L.},
  title = {Integration of a flexible time triggered network in the FRESCOR resource contracting framework},
  booktitle = {12th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA'2007) Proceedings},
  year = {2007},
  editor = {},
  volume = {},
  series = {},
  pages = {1481--1488},
  address = {Patras, Greece},
  month = {September},
  organization = {},
  publisher = {},
  doi = {10.1109/EFTA.2007.4416964},
  issn = {},
  isbn = {978-1-4244-0826-9},
  keywords = {FRESCOR, Ethernet, FTT, FTT-SE},
  note = {},
  key = {},
  abstract = {In this paper we overview the integration of a framework that generic ally manages the system resources in the form of contracts, namely the FRESCOR framework, with a flexible network resource. We describe how a network resource, namely FTT-SE, supports the FRESCOR framework services and, likewise, how the network services are made available to the application through the contracting framework. In a designer perspective, we also describe how a typical distributed application can be easily deployed using such a framework}
}

@inproceedings{ANTUNES_INDIN_2007,
  author = {Antunes, A. and Pedreiras, P. and Almeida, L. and Mota, A.},
  title = {Dynamic Rate and Control Adaptation in Networked Control Systems},
  booktitle = {5th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN'2007) Proceedings},
  year = {2007},
  editor = {},
  volume = {2},
  series = {},
  pages = {841--846},
  address = {Vienna, Austria},
  month = {July},
  organization = {},
  publisher = {},
  doi = {10.1109/INDIN.2007.4384883},
  issn = {1935-4576},
  isbn = {978-1-4244-0851-1},
  keywords = {Real-Time systems, Embedded systems, distributed control system, distributed feedback control loop system, dynamic rate adaptation technique, embedded control system, networked control system, operational flexibility, sampling period},
  note = {},
  key = {},
  abstract = {Modern embedded control systems are asked to exhibit higher distribution, higher degree of integration and to support operational flexibility. Conventionally the planning of distributed control systems was done either by considering worst-case requirements, leading to expensive and inefficient designs, or by considering average requirements, potentially leading to occasional run-time overloads. The dynamic rate adaptation technique was developed to support operational flexibility and a higher degree of integration in distributed control systems. This technique adapts the communication requirements of distributed feedback control loops by increasing the sampling periods of the messages associated to the control action in order to free network bandwidth when a possible network overload condition is detected. The distributed controllers have to be able to deal with the change of the sampling period and the variable sampling to actuation delay. This work reports different control approaches used in the implementation of the dynamic rate adaptation method, namely a static version based on a set of controllers with parameters pre-computed off-line, a dynamic version where the system parameters are identified online according to the dynamic behaviour of the distributed system and a hybrid version using an adaptive controller with a set of online identifiers}
}

@inproceedings{SILVESTRE_ETFA_2007,
  author = {Silvestre, J. and Almeida, L. and Marau, R. and Pedreiras, P.},
  title = {Dynamic QoS management for multimedia real-time transmission in industrial environments},
  booktitle = {12th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA'2007) Proceedings},
  year = {2007},
  editor = {},
  volume = {},
  series = {},
  pages = {1473--1480},
  address = {Patras, Greece},
  month = {September},
  organization = {},
  publisher = {},
  doi = {10.1109/EFTA.2007.4416963},
  issn = {},
  isbn = {978-1-4244-0826-9},
  keywords = {FTT-SE, Ethernet, JPEG quantification factor, MJPEG transmission, Bandwidth, Compressors, Condition monitoring, Environmental management, Ethernet, Interference constraints, Machine vision, Protocols, Time factors, Video compression},
  note = {},
  key = {},
  abstract = {The use of multimedia within industrial applications has become commonplace, targetting improved process monitoring and machine vision. In both cases, the multimedia information is commonly distributed and subject to time constraints that must be met across networks while avoiding untolerable interference over typical control flows. This can be achieved with Constant Bit-Rate (CBR) channels, typically supported by real-time protocols. However, the compressors used to reduce the amount of information to transfer generate Variable Bit-Rate (VBR) patterns. Adapting a VBR source to a CBR channel requires specific care in order to avoid wasting channel bandwidth or dropping video frames. This paper focuses on MJPEG transmission over Ethernet and proposes a bidimensional adaptation using the JPEG quantification factor q on the source side and frame acquisition/transmission period T on the source/network side respectively, using the FTT-SE protocol and its support for dynamic QoS management. The paper also shows several experiments with pre-recorded video streams that illustrate the advantages of the proposed approach}
}

@inproceedings{MARAU_RTN_2007,
  author = {Marau, R. and Pedreiras, P. and Almeida, L.},
  title = {Asynchronous traffic signaling over master-slave switched ethernet protocols},
  booktitle = {6th International Workshop on Real-Time Networks (RTN'2007) Proceedings},
  year = {2007},
  editor = {},
  volume = {},
  series = {},
  pages = {},
  address = {Pisa, Italy},
  month = {July},
  organization = {},
  publisher = {},
  doi = {},
  issn = {},
  isbn = {},
  keywords = {Ethernet, FTT, FTT-SE, Real-Time communications, master-slave, protocols },
  note = {},
  key = {},
  abstract = {Network protocol designers have always been divided between the adoption of centralized or distributed communication architectures. Despite exhibiting negative aspects like the existence of a single point-of-failure in the master as well as computational overhead and an inefficient handling of the asynchronous communications, Master-Slave protocols have always found their space mainly given their simplicity of operation and deployment as well as good control over the communication medium. Along the years, many protocols based in this paradigm have been proposed, with many of them being still used today. Some of the negative aspects traditionally exhibited by these protocols have also been attenuated, e.g. with master replication and master/multi-slave control, but the handling of asynchronous requests is still a limitation concerning the response time and overhead. In this paper, we address the specific case of micro-segmented switched Ethernet networks, where Master-Slave protocols are used to control the load submitted to the switch and prevent high queuing jitter and memory overflows. Particularly, we propose a novel signaling mechanism that reduces the asynchronous traffic response time and network overhead, by exploiting the full duplex channels, and analyze the integration of this mechanism in the FTT-SE and Ethernet Powerlink protocols}
}

@inbook{ALMEIDA_HRTES_2007,
  author = {Almeida, L. and Pedreiras, P. and Ferreira, J. and Calha, J. and Fonseca, J. A. and Marau, R. and Silva, R. and Martins, E.},
  title = {Handbook of Real-Time and Embedded Systems},
  chapter = {Online QoS Adaptation with the Flexible Time-Triggered (FTT) Communication Paradigm},
  pages = {},
  publisher = {Chapman and Hall/CRC},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {},
  series = {},
  type = {},
  address = {},
  edition = {},
  month = {},
  doi = {},
  issn = {},
  isbn = {978-1-58488-678-5},
  keywords = {Ethernet, FTT, FTT-SE, Real-Time communications},
  note = {},
  key = {},
  abstract = {}
}